Algeria’s military buildup masks economic struggles

Algeria is ramping up arms acquisitions, positioning itself as Africa’s largest defense importer and the world’s fifth largest, with a $25 billion military budget for 2025, according to a report from GIS, the Liechtenstein based think tank. While framed as a response to regional threats—particularly Morocco’s military expansion—the buildup serves a domestic political purpose, reinforcing the government’s authority amid economic hardship, the report contends.

Algiers has strengthened defense ties with Russia and China, acquiring Iskander-M missiles, YLC-2V radars, and negotiating the purchase of Su-57 fighter jets. Meanwhile, Morocco, backed by U.S. military support, is reportedly seeking F-35s to counterbalance Algeria’s growing arsenal.

Despite its military ambitions, Algeria faces high unemployment and public dissatisfaction, with its leadership wary of another wave of protests. The arms race with Morocco remains highly symbolic, as direct conflict remains unlikely. However, unchecked militarization raises the risk of miscalculation, potentially destabilizing North Africa and drawing in foreign powers.