New analysis of ancient Egyptian “screaming woman mummy” reveals she may have suffered while dying.

New analysis of ancient Egyptian “screaming woman mummy” reveals she may have suffered while dying.
Photo: Photographs taken in 1939 at the Kasr Al Ainy Faculty of Medicine in Cairo, Egypt. Credit: Sahar Saleem

Scientists have conducted a new analysis of an ancient Egyptian mummy, dubbed the “screaming woman” due to its gaping mouth, and concluded that she may have experienced a painful death.

The mummy has intrigued archaeologists since its discovery in a tomb near Luxor in 1935.

Researchers used CT scans and infrared imaging to “virtually dissect” the mummy, CNN reports. The results, published last week in "Frontiers in Medicine," reveal that the mummy was around 48 years old at the time of her death and suffered from spinal arthritis. She was also missing some teeth, likely lost before death.

While the exact cause of death could not be confirmed, researchers suggested she may have experienced a “cadaveric spasm,” a rare form of muscular stiffening that occurs at the moment of death. The cause is unknown but often occurs following violent deaths, including burnings.

Other “screaming mummies” have been discovered, but they are rare. Embalmers traditionally wrap the jawbone and skull to prevent the mouth from opening after death.

Scientists ruled out a poor mummification process as the cause of her gaping mouth, noting that expensive products, including frankincense and juniper resin, were used in her mummification. This information comes from a statement by Sahar Saleem, a professor of radiology at Kasr Al Ainy Hospital at Cairo University and the author of the study.

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